Fig. 3

(A) Time-calibrated phylogenetic tree for all species included with morphological and genomic data, as retrieved from the analysis of concatenated BUSCO gene set for Actinopterygii (3640 genes) allowing for 30% missing data. Calibration was performed using previously published age estimates based on substitution rates of the mitochondrial cytb gene. Phenotypic states, i.e. trait values of extant taxa and state reconstructions of ancestral nodes are presented as phenograms for relevant principal components (explaining > 10% of total variation) of body and head shape, as well as standard length, in the panel below: (B) PC 1 of body shape (includes body depth); (C) PC 2 of body shape (includes position of dorsal fin); (D) PC 3 of body shape (includes position of pelvic and anal fin insertion); (E) PC 1 of head shape (includes mouth size); (F) PC 2 of head shape (includes head elongation); and (G) standard length. Body shape is variable in all groups, but spans a greater range in Sulawesi species. Head shape is slightly less diverse but more derived, whereas standard length is generally larger in Sulawesi species, especially lacustrine ones