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Table 2 Outcome of the linear mixed effect model with SROS as response variable, “grazing” and “non-grazing” plots as fixed effects and the random effects of “time” (F1-4) and “plot ID” (A-D).

From: Application of remote sensing to understand the role of Galician feral horses in the biomass reduction of a shrub-grassland-dominated landscape

Random effects

   

Groups name

 

Variance

Std. Dev

  

Plot_ID (Intercept)

 

3.01

1.73

  

Time (Intercept)

 

19.47

4.41

  

Residual

 

0.39

0.63

  

Number of obs: 32, groups: Plot, 4; Time, 4

  

Fixed effects

    
  

Estimate

Std. Error

t value

Pr(>|t|)

(Intercept)

 

19.28

2.38

8.12

1.37 × 10− 3 **

Status Non-grazing

 

1.23

0.22

5.57

9.82 × 10− 6 ***

Correlation of Fixed Effects

     
  

(Intr)

   

Status Non-grazing

 

-0.05