Fig. 2

Development and differentiation of theP. pallidum dgcAˉmutant. Ppal wild type and dgcAˉ cells were incubated at 22 °C on NN agar at 10⁶ cells/cm². (A) Development. a-c wildtype cells. a, aggregation; b, primary sorogen and branch formation and c, fruiting bodies. d-g dgcaˉ cells. d, aggregation; e, primary sorogen; f, primary sorogen and branch formation; g, fruiting bodies. Scale bars: 0.25 mm. The images are representative of phenotypes observed from at least four separate experiments. (B) Cell differentiation. The fruiting bodies were stained with 0.001% Calcofluor and photographed under phase contrast (left) and epifluorescence (right). Scale bar: 10 μm